How does systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affect the spleen?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can lead to splenic enlargement, a condition known as splenomegaly. This occurs due to the underlying immune dysregulation and inflammation associated with SLE, which can influence the spleen's function. The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood and producing immune responses. In SLE, the increased activation of the immune system can result in congestion and expansion of the splenic tissue, leading to enlargement.

Additionally, splenomegaly in lupus can be exacerbated by other factors like lymphadenopathy and the autoimmune nature of the disease, which collectively affect the lymphatic and hematologic systems. This enlargement may also correlate with increased disease activity or flare-ups in patients with SLE.

While other options mention atrophy, no significant impact, or calcification of the spleen, those descriptions do not accurately represent the typical findings associated with SLE. Splenic atrophy is not commonly observed, and while the disease may not leave the spleen unaffected, the correct understanding is that SLE can indeed cause enlargement due to its autoimmune and inflammatory processes.