Systemic lupus erythematosus can affect which organ in severe cases?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that can lead to involvement of multiple organs, particularly in more severe cases. The kidneys are one of the most commonly affected organs in SLE, a condition known as lupus nephritis. This occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the kidney tissues, leading to inflammation and potential damage.

Lupus nephritis can manifest with a variety of symptoms such as proteinuria, hematuria, and in severe cases, can lead to kidney failure. The recognition of renal involvement is critical in managing SLE because it can significantly impact the patient's long-term health and is also a factor influencing treatment decisions.

While the heart, liver, and lungs can also be involved in SLE, the kidneys are particularly notable due to the frequency and severity of the complications that can arise. Thus, focusing on the kidneys highlights the critical nature of lupus nephritis and its implications for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.