What is a potential complication of untreated lupus nephritis?

Untreated lupus nephritis can lead to a variety of complications, among which chronic kidney disease is a significant concern. Lupus nephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and if it remains untreated or inadequately managed, it can progressively damage the kidney tissue. Over time, this damage may result in the kidneys losing their ability to function properly.

Chronic kidney disease refers to a long-term condition in which the kidneys progressively lose their function over months or years. In the context of lupus nephritis, persistent inflammation and resultant scarring of the kidneys can lead to this condition. The consequences of chronic kidney disease can be severe, potentially progressing to end-stage renal disease, which requires dialysis or kidney transplantation.

While acute renal failure might also develop as a potential complication due to sudden severe damage or malfunctioning of the kidneys, chronic kidney disease encompasses a broader, longer-term outcome of untreated chronic inflammation. Similarly, hypertension can arise in the setting of kidney dysfunction, but it is often a symptom rather than a direct complication of untreated lupus nephritis itself. Chronic liver disease is not typically associated with lupus nephritis, as it pertains to different conditions. Thus, the progression to chronic kidney disease is the most