What is the primary characteristic of autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

The primary characteristic of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is that they involve the immune system erroneously attacking the body's own tissues. In autoimmune conditions, the immune system, which typically protects the body from pathogens, mistakenly identifies normal, healthy cells as foreign and harmful. In the case of SLE, this can lead to inflammation and damage in various organs, such as the skin, kidneys, heart, and joints.

Understanding this aspect of autoimmune diseases is crucial, as it highlights the complexity of the immune response involved and underlines why these conditions often require long-term management and treatment to control symptoms and prevent flare-ups. The nature of SLE also involves a range of symptoms that can vary significantly from person to person, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies.

While medications can help manage symptoms and the immune response in autoimmune diseases, they do not typically lead to a complete cure. Moreover, autoimmune diseases like SLE are more prevalent in women compared to men, particularly during their reproductive years. Lastly, these conditions can be chronic rather than temporary, often requiring ongoing care and monitoring.