Which complication is commonly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus?

Lupus nephritis is a well-known complication associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This condition occurs when the immune system, which is already dysregulated in SLE, attacks the kidneys, leading to inflammation and damage. As a result, lupus nephritis can cause a range of complications, including proteinuria (excess protein in urine), hypertension, and renal failure if not effectively managed.

The relationship between SLE and lupus nephritis is significant, as approximately 40-50% of patients with SLE will develop some form of kidney involvement during the course of their disease. The diagnosis is typically confirmed through laboratory tests that evaluate kidney function and the presence of specific autoantibodies, alongside a kidney biopsy if necessary. Effective management of lupus nephritis is crucial, as it can dramatically impact a patient's overall prognosis and quality of life.

Understanding lupus nephritis as a complication of SLE underscores the importance of regular kidney function assessments and early intervention to prevent severe renal impairment.