Which laboratory tests are commonly used to monitor lupus nephritis?

Monitoring lupus nephritis requires specific laboratory tests that can reflect kidney function and the severity of the disease. Urinalysis is crucial as it can reveal the presence of protein and red blood cells, which are significant indicators of kidney inflammation and damage associated with lupus nephritis. Serum creatinine levels are essential for assessing renal function; elevated levels indicate impaired kidney filtration capabilities. Complement levels, particularly C3 and C4, are important in lupus since they can be decreased during disease activity, reflecting an inflammatory process affecting the kidneys.

The other options include tests that are not relevant for monitoring lupus nephritis. Blood glucose and complete blood count do not provide the necessary information about kidney function or inflammatory processes in lupus nephritis. Thyroid function tests and liver enzymes focus on different organ systems rather than the kidneys. Lastly, while electrolyte levels can reflect some aspects of kidney function, vitamin deficiencies are generally not related to monitoring nephritis. Thus, the combination of urinalysis, serum creatinine, and complement levels is the most appropriate for assessing the condition and its progression.